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Influence of fabric structure on fabric breathability

The air permeability of fabric is often expressed by the air permeability, which refers to the volume of air flowing through the unit area of the fabric per unit time under the specified pressure difference on both sides of the fabric. The air permeability of clothing fabrics is closely related to heat preservation and comfort, and certain technical textiles have very strict requirements on the air permeability of fabrics, so the research on the air permeability of fabrics has more important practical significance.

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After several experiments, it is concluded that

1, the factors affecting the fabric breathability are: warp and weft tightness ratio, yarn number, total fabric tightness, average floating length, floating length variance;

2, relative to 95% and 90% of the significant level, the warp and weft tightness ratio and yarn number on the fabric breathability more significant; total fabric tightness and average floating length on the fabric breathability is more significant;

3, for each factor to do a comparison found that the effect of each factor on fabric breathability law is as follows:

(1) In the range of average floating length is small, with the increase of average floating length, the number of interlacing decreases, the coverage area of yarn is large, the degree of gathering into a bundle is poor, the gap on the fabric surface is reduced, so the air permeability becomes poor, but with the further increase of average floating length, the fabric becomes soft, the number of interlacing is too small and the binding force between the yarns in the fabric is poor, the yarns are easy to produce relative slippage and form holes, so permeability and rising trend;

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(2) With the increase of the total tightness, the yarn coverage area increases, that is, the total number of yarns in a certain area increases, causing the increase of surface filling, the fabric pore area decreases, making the gas channel between yarns smaller, resulting in the air perpendicular to the fabric flow viscous resistance increases, so the greater the total tightness, the smaller the air permeability; but when the total tightness increases to a certain degree, the rate of reduction of air permeability decreases This is because the total tightness increases to a certain extent, the pores of the yarn in the fabric is already very small, and then increase the fabric tightness can only increase the fabric on the yarn extrusion and pore changes are very small, the reduction in the amount of air permeability is also reduced;

(3) with the increase of the warp and weft tightness, the difference between its fabric warp and weft tightness is also increasing; for the same tightness of the fabric, warp and weft tightness ratio of 1, warp and weft tightness of the two values are equal, so that the fabric warp and weft yarns are bound to each other, in the warp and weft in both directions are not easy to slip and produce gaps, so poor breathability; when the warp and weft tightness ratio in 2.5, the warp tightness is much greater than the weft tightness, making the weft Tightness is very small, so the fabric weft yarn binding force is poor, easy to produce slip to form holes, so the air permeability is large. With the increase of the warp and weft tightness ratio, the slip of the weft yarn is more and more easy to produce, that is, the hole is more and more easy to form, so the rate of increase of the air permeability is also more and more large, the same analysis can be made when the warp and weft tightness ratio is 1, the air permeability of the fabric is poor. That is, as the warp and weft tightness ratio increases, the air permeability is on the rise;

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(4) fabric breathable performance with the increase in yarn number is an upward trend, that is, the finer the yarn, the poorer the breathable performance of the fabric.


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